The role of the media in the formation of national (ethnic) identity

Authors

  • Yuriy Bidzilya Uzhhorod National University, Ukraine
  • Lidiya Snitsarchuk Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv, Ukraine
  • Yevhen Solomin Uzhhorod National University, Ukraine
  • Halyna Shkurko Uzhhorod National University, Ukraine
  • Viacheslav Shvets Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14571/brajets.v17.nse2.208-219

Keywords:

National (ethnic) identity, Media, Disinformation, Propaganda, Fake news, Media literacy

Abstract

The public beliefs are formed under the significant influence of the media. Such an influence can have both positive consequences, in particular, strengthened national identity, and negative consequences — the sowing of enmity, doubts, the destruction of authority. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the role of the media in the formation of national identity in terms of three components: the provision of information by the media, the reaction of citizens and state initiatives. The study employed statistical analysis, survey results, correlation analysis, and content analysis. The current state of the national (ethnic) identity of Ukrainians was described in the research, its significant growth during the period of independence (up to 84.6% in 2022) was noted. The role of the media in the formation of national identity was analysed according to the three identified vectors of influence. The academic novelty of this study is the approach to analysing the role of the media in the formation of national identity in terms of three components: information provided by the media; citizens’ reaction to this information; state initiatives that mediate the relationship between the media and society.

References

Bessarab A., Penchuk I., Mykytiv H., Tregub A., Madei A., Kozachok, O. 2022. “The role of journalism teachers in the media literacy development.” Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice. 22 (9):188–200. Retrieved from: https://articlegateway.com/index.php/JHETP/article/view/5377/5114

Bukina N. 2022. “National Identity and media literacy in the paradigms of the Russian-Ukrainian war.” Functioning of the Ukrainian Media During Martial Law in Ukraine: Collective monograph, 19-36. Baltija Publishing. DOI:10.30525/978-9934-26-270-8-2

Caled D., Silva M.J. 2022. “Digital media and misinformation: An outlook on multidisciplinary strategies against manipulation.” Journal of Computational Social Science. 5 (1):123-159. DOI:10.1007/s42001-021-00118-8

Dembitskyi S. 2022. Indicators of national-civic Ukrainian identity. KIIS. Retrieved from: https://www.kiis.com.ua/?lang=ukr&cat=reports&id=1131&page=1

Detektor Media. 2023. Home page. Retrieved from: https://detector.media/

Detektor Media. 2023. Media literacy index of Ukrainians: 2020-2022. Retrieved from: https://detector.media/infospace/article/210210/2023-04-18-indeks-mediagramotnosti-ukraintsiv-2020-2022-povna-versiya/

Ditlmann R.K., Kopf-Beck J. 2019. “The meaning of being German: An inductive approach to national identity.” Journal of Social and Political Psychology. 7 (1):423-447. DOI:10.5964/jspp.v7i1.557

Erlich A., Garner C. 2023. “Is pro-Kremlin disinformation effective? Evidence from Ukraine.” The International Journal of Press/Politics. 28 (1):5-28. DOI:10.1177/19401612211045221

Erlich A., Garner C., Pennycook G., Rand D.G. 2023. “Does analytic thinking insulate against pro‐Kremlin disinformation? Evidence from Ukraine.” Political Psychology. 44 (1):79-94. DOI:10.1111/pops.12819

Hameleers M. 2022. “Separating truth from lies: Comparing the effects of news media literacy interventions and fact-checkers in response to political misinformation in the US and Netherlands.” Information, Communication & Society. 25 (1):110-126. DOI:10.1080/1369118X.2020.1764603

Hanitzsch T., Örnebring H. 2019. “Professionalism, professional identity, and journalistic roles.” The handbook of Journalism Studies, 105-122. Routledge.

Hrytsenko O. 2022. “Sociocultural and Informational and Communication Transformations of a New Type of Society (Problems of Preserving National Identity and National Media Space).” Visnyk of the Lviv University, Series Journalism. 51:172-179. DOI:10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11406

Kaur K., Gupta S. 2023. “Towards dissemination, detection and combating misinformation on social media: a literature review.” Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing. 38 (8):1656-1674. DOI:10.1108/JBIM-02-2022-0066

Kulyk V. 2023. Language and identity in Ukraine at the end of 2022. Zbruch. Retrieved from: https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-society/3648933-mova-ta-identicnist-v-ukraini-na-kinec-2022go-zbruc.html

Lorenz-Spreen P., Oswald L., Lewandowsky S., Hertwig R. 2023. “A systematic review of worldwide causal and correlational evidence on digital media and democracy.” Nature Human Behaviour. 7 (1):74-101. DOI:10.1038/s41562-022-01460-1

Marukhovskyi O., Marukhovska-Kartunova O., Kolybabiuk S., Pavlova L., Karchevska O. 2024. “The role of online media in shaping public opinion about the prospects for peace and military conflict.” Pakistan Journal of Criminology. 16 (02): 431-446. DOI:10.62271/pjc.16.1.431.446

Maliarenko V. I. 2021. “Best practices of foreign experience in combating fakes and disinformation.” Information and Law. 3 (38):21-27. DOI:10.37750/2616-6798.2021.3(38).243793

Monsees L. 2023. “Information disorder, fake news and the future of democracy.” Globalizations. 20 (1):153-168. DOI:10.1080/14747731.2021.1927470

Muhammed T.S., Mathew S.K. 2022. “The disaster of misinformation: a review of research in social media.” International Journal of Data Science and Analytics. 13 (4):271-285. DOI:10.1007/s41060-022-00311-6

Ognyanova K., Lazer D., Robertson R.E., Wilson C. 2020. “Misinformation in action: Fake news exposure is linked to lower trust in media, higher trust in government when your side is in power.” Harvard Kennedy School (HKS) Misinformation Review. DOI:10.37016/mr-2020-024

Reddi M., Kuo R., Kreiss D. 2023. “Identity propaganda: Racial narratives and disinformation.” New Media & Society. 25 (8):2201-2218. DOI:10.1177/14614448211029293

Tenove C. 2020. “Protecting democracy from disinformation: Normative threats and policy responses.” The International Journal of Press/Politics. 25 (3):517-537. DOI:10.1177/1940161220918740

Tolz V., Hutchings S. 2023. “Truth with a Z: disinformation, war in Ukraine, and Russia’s contradictory discourse of imperial identity.” Post-Soviet Affairs. 39 (5): 347-365. DOI:10.1080/1060586X.2023.2202581

Tong J. 2019. “The taming of critical journalism in China: A combination of political, economic and technological forces.” Journalism Studies. 20 (1):79-96. DOI:10.1080/1461670X.2017.1375386

UaReforms. 2024. Home page. Retrieved from: https://uareforms.org/

Van der Linden S., Panagopoulos C., Roozenbeek J. 2020. “You are fake news: political bias in perceptions of fake news.” Media, Culture & Society. 42 (3):460-470. DOI:10.1177/0163443720906992

Wodak R. 2022. “Shameless normalization as a result of media control: The case of Austria.” Discourse & Society. 33 (6):788-804. DOI:10.1177/09579265221095419

Zhylin M., Sikorskyi P., Balla E., Barchan V., Kuzma O. 2022. “The impact of students’ social identity on psycho-social adaptation during the period of a difficult educational transition.” Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment. 10 (6):293–302. DOI: 10.6000/2292-2598.2022.10.06.3

Downloads

Published

2024-07-24

Issue

Section

Community Empowerment through Education, Technology and Infrastructure