Cadernos de Educação Tecnologia e Sociedade

Exploring the role of cognitive and creative factors in career selection for prospective university students

2024-09-20T11:07:59+00:00

The article presents a practical analysis of career choice among future higher education students. In particular, it highlights the trends in cognitive-creative aspects during the career selection process. The attitudes of prospective students at higher education institutions towards contemporary professions from 2019 to 2023 were analysed using a custom-designed questionnaire. It was found that factors influencing career choice across various fields of knowledge include cognitive-creative (internal), socio-economic, and socio-political (external) factors and military events in the country. The critical factor in determining the future of each young person has become the adaptation phenomenon to current conditions (pandemic, martial law, the status of internally and externally displaced persons). During the research on cognitive-creative aspects of career choice, a trend showed a strong preference for the legal field, as observed in responses to all questions in the custom-designed questionnaire. Respondents from 2019–2023 who chose the legal direction regard the profession of a lawyer as prestigious and aspire to earn substantial income as advocates. The military events in 2022 prompted respondents to choose the most profitable specialisation due to the necessity for honest and highly competent specialists in law. Technological progress, high salaries, and demand for software specialists were critical factors in choosing an “Information Technology” profession. Interest in the chosen profession was further enhanced by flexible mobility and the possibility of remote and distance work with stable pay during global quarantine measures related to the spread of COVID-19, martial law, and internal and external displacement of Ukrainian citizens, among other factors. Analysis of the respondents' answers revealed that, following the fields of law and programming, the most popular professions were in “Social and Behavioural Sciences” and “Management and Administration”. It was emphasised that young people demonstrate rapid adaptation to negative changes in life, which directly correlates with their career choices.

The role of legal education in shaping worldviews: a historical and philosophical analysis

2024-09-20T12:11:58+00:00

The topic’s relevance is determined by the need to study the impact of legal education on forming a person’s worldview in the context of globalisation and the digitalisation of modern society. Particular attention is paid to the integration of philosophical aspects into the process of legal education to form a comprehensive understanding of law. The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of legal education on forming a person’s worldview, emphasising historical and philosophical retrospectives. The research methodology is based on the analysis of literary sources, comparative analysis of various methods and historical analysis of the development of legal education. The study results show that legal education is vital in forming ethical and moral principles, critical thinking and social responsibility among students. A survey of students of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Faculty of History, speciality 014.03 Secondary Education (History and Basics of Law) showed that most of them rate the level of teaching as high or very high. At the same time, a significant proportion of students consider the courses to be insufficiently exciting and relevant. The analysis also revealed the need to increase the number of practical classes and internships. The inclusion of courses on human rights and international law contributes to the formation of global legal awareness. The practical significance of the findings lies in developing recommendations for improving the educational process, including updating teaching materials, increasing the number of practical classes and integrating interdisciplinary approaches. This will improve the quality of training specialists working effectively in modern conditions.

The students' awareness considering the academic integrity of artificial intelligence use in terms of foreign language acquisition

2024-09-20T13:01:45+00:00

The article is devoted to one of the most widely discussed issues and current trends in the educational sphere. It is the use of artificial intelligence technologies by the students of pedagogical specialties, focusing on its pros and cons and highlighting the possible consequences of its use. The authors define the place of artificial intelligence, specifically considering the generative artificial technologies, in terms of foreign language acquisition. The performed study reveals different aspects that arose with the use of the aforementioned technologies, considering the problem of academic integrity and policies that could regulate its ecological use. The presented study aims to reveal students’ awareness of the issue of the academic integrity of artificial intelligence use in terms of foreign language acquisitions. The target audience of the study is students of the Faculty of Pedagogical Education of Borys Grinchenko Kyiv Metropolitan University of 013 “Primary Education” and 012 “Preschool Education”. The data received from the students of pedagogical specialties via the conducted survey proves that there is an urgent need to expand students’ knowledge about artificial intelligence technology and teach them to use it correctly, adhering to academic integrity principles.

Implementing interdisciplinary methods in the educational framework

2024-10-17T14:18:02+00:00

The article aims to study the principles and ways of implementing the interdisciplinary approach into the educational process. The research is based on empirical experience in teaching at higher education institutions, an analysis of educational programmes of higher educational institutions in Ukraine, a survey of medical university lecturers, as well as a pedagogical experiment on the effectiveness of the interdisciplinary approach conducted at Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University among second-year students of the Dentistry programme. The control group studied two separate subjects, “Foreign (English) Language for Professional Purposes” and “Social Medicine, Public Health, and the Fundamentals of Evidence-Based Medicine”, while the experimental group took an integrated course, Module 1, which combined these two subjects in the form of binary lessons. The integrated course had the most significant impact on forming sufficient and high levels of knowledge, with a difference of 9% and 7%, respectively, between the control and experimental groups. Additionally, the experimental group had 10% fewer students with low-developed skills and abilities. The experiment data confirm the considerable effectiveness of integrated courses, suggesting that universities should actively introduce them into the educational process. The authors propose the following ways to implement the interdisciplinary approach: inclusion of interdisciplinary topics in lectures; conducting binary lectures; integrating common cases into seminar and practical disciplines to solve interdisciplinary practical tasks and other modern educational technologies of problem-based learning; developing interdisciplinary courses for elective and optional subjects; preparing articles and conference presentations with two or more co-authors from related fields of knowledge. Based on the empirical method, it was established that the effectiveness of applying the interdisciplinary approach in higher education is associated with the systematisation and structuring of acquired specialised knowledge, stimulation of student motivation, and scientific inquiry.

Integrating cultural perspectives in building foreign language communicative competence for future professionals

2024-10-21T11:28:55+00:00

The subject of research interests since communication in a foreign language is becoming increasingly indispensable as a prerequisite for forming future specialists as part of globalisation and integration into the international professional environment. Furthermore, the cultural approach enhances the effectiveness of preparing students for intercultural communication and professional activities. The subject of the research is the effectiveness of the cultural approach in developing students' foreign language communicative competence. The method used to conduct the research is theoretical analysis of the scientific literature, questionnaires among the students, and evaluation by statistical methods. The present research findings suggest that integrating cultural content into foreign language learning materials with ICT enhances students' overall level of practical foreign language communicative proficiency. This makes for better preparation for work in the international professional setting and enhances intercultural communication quality. The practical relevance of the results consists in identifying recommendations for introducing a cultural model in training specialist curricula. The findings can, therefore, inform best practices in teaching and learning and actualising foreign language teaching programmes in higher learning institutions.

Environmental compliance control as an efficacious tool for risk mitigation in the realm of governmental green procurements

2024-09-21T16:01:57+00:00

The "green trend" is increasingly taking center stage, both at the global and national economic levels, as well as at the level of individual companies and each person specifically. The emphasis on sustainable development and environmental preservation is no longer a mere fashion statement but rather an urgent necessity. At its core lies the efficient utilization of resources, reduction of emissions and waste, protection of nature and biodiversity, strengthening of social justice, and economic stability that does not compromise the ability of future generations to meet their needs. It is not surprising that many countries actively incorporate environmental initiatives into their agendas, including in the realm of organizing and conducting government procurement. The objective of this study is to develop effective methodological support for the integration of green procurement into the procurement activities of federal and regional authorities in the Russian Federation.

Preservation of historical and cultural heritage as one of the factors in the development of the tourism potential of the city of Kazan

2024-09-21T16:17:20+00:00

El artículo analiza la influencia de la conservación del patrimonio histórico y cultural en el desarrollo del potencial turístico de Kazán. Hoy en día, la protección de los sitios del patrimonio cultural es una de las prioridades del estado. La República de Tartaristán se distingue por un rico patrimonio cultural. El multiculturalismo y el multiconfesionalismo están tradicionalmente presentes en esta tierra. La capital de la república, la ciudad de Kazán, es visitada por millones de turistas cada año. Los autores prestan especial atención a los sitios turísticos más visitados de la ciudad: el Museo-Reserva del Kremlin de Kazán, el Antiguo Asentamiento Tártaro, el Monasterio Bogoroditsky de Kazán y el centro histórico. En los últimos años, se ha llevado a cabo un trabajo global en el campo de la conservación del patrimonio cultural, en particular en estos sitios, cuyos resultados ahora son presenciados por los residentes y turistas de Kazán. Para promover el patrimonio cultural y atraer turistas a la ciudad, los museos y centros culturales de Kazán realizan activas actividades expositivas, metodológicas, editoriales y de otro tipo. En el centro histórico de la ciudad se ha creado toda la infraestructura necesaria para recibir a los turistas: hoteles, establecimientos de restauración y lugares de comercio especializado. El patrimonio cultural de la ciudad y las realidades turísticas modernas no se contradicen, sino que se complementan armoniosamente.

Analysis of the impact of migration on the employment of the population in the region

2024-09-21T16:21:19+00:00

The Russian labor market changed significantly over the past 3-5 years due to external socio-economic and internal demographic factors. The current situation in the modern economy led to a shortage in the Russian labor market and certain changes in employment. Personnel shortage changed the attitude towards employees at enterprises, expanded opportunities for retraining and improving their skills, and led to a change in working conditions. The relevant issue of personnel shortage at Russian enterprises is being resolved by attracting migrant labor. Moreover, this has a direct impact on changing the employment situation for the local population. This requires an analysis of the impact of migration on employment using the example of the Republic of Tatarstan in order to formulate final provisions that can be extended to all regions of Russia. For Russia, creating conditions for preserving human capital and reducing emigration of the population it crucial; this involves additional financial, social and other measures that will allow business leaders to pursue innovative personnel policies to attract skilled workers both from the local population and from among migrants.

State regulation of eco-innovation: world experience analysis

2024-09-21T16:25:33+00:00

Today it is becoming more and more obvious that the quality of life of the population of different regions of the country largely depends on the state of the environment. Consequently, the management of the state of environmental quality indirectly entails the management of the quality of human life. In such conditions, the introduction of quality management systems and environmental management systems is gradually becoming economically profitable. Over the past decades, the relationship between society and the environment has become increasingly strain, becoming a real threat of a global environmental catastrophe. To prevent global and local environmental crises, it is necessary to change the techno genic type of development to a sustainable one. This type of development allows us to meet the current needs of society, but does not jeopardize the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The purpose of the study is to show the relevance and necessity of introducing the innovative development of the economy of nature management and the "green economy" into practice, and to develop the principles of effective state participation in the innovation sphere in the countries of the European Union by the methods of state regulation, as well as the possibility of applying this experience in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Textual metaphtonymy as opposed to lexical metaphtonymy

2024-09-21T16:30:07+00:00

In this article, we have proposed to differentiate textual and lexical metaphtonymy as different phenomena. We have considered the phenomenon of metaphtonymy at the level of text, a chain of words the length of a sentence, a phrase, and a separate meaning. We propose to reserve the term “metaphtonymy” for cases when we are talking about the cases of embedding “metonymy into metaphor” and “metaphor into metonymy” at the level of the entire text. An algorithm for determining textual metaphtonymy is presented. It is proposed to distinguish “textual metaph-tonymy” or simply “metaphtonymy” from “reproductive metaphor” and “reproductive meton-ymy” as a two-stage or even three-stage tropic transformation. The latter exist at the level of semantics of polysemous words and are a rather rare phenomenon. The work presents meta-phorically inferential metonymy. Component-invariant analysis showed that with a double mechanism of transfer (transfer by contiguity and comparison) it contains in its semantics a double bundle of components, including the identified lexical invariant.

Partnership as a market interaction of economic agents: transaction costs and property rights specification

2024-09-21T16:32:04+00:00

The article is devoted to the analysis of market exchange, which mediates a simple two-way transfer of goods, services or money between economic agents. Exchange is a form of institutionalization of purchase and sale relations between participants in a market transaction. The relationship of participants in market transactions can be represented as a multi-level system through the exchange of material goods, services, and financial assets. In terms of supply and demand, the economic relations of market agents are regulated by numerous institutions capable of reducing various forms of transaction costs. In practice, the form of economic exchange is a formal contract, which postulates all the conditions of the transaction.

The republic of Rwanda: the hub of the world's most diversified tourist attractions via the complementation of the north, south, east, and west provinces, besides the city of Kigali

2024-11-01T07:48:00+00:00

Tourism is the term used to describe spending time away from home during non-work hours in pursuit of fun, leisure, and relaxation. Leisure is not a work or a social obligation, but the decision of one's own free time. Attractions are the places, people, things, and activities that entice travelers to a place. With four distinct categories of attractions—community-based, combined nature-and-human-based, human-based, nature-based, and participatory nature-based, which is referred to as cultural tourism—tourism is generally the largest industry in the world. Rwanda, one of the safest nations in Africa, provides visitors and locals alike with security and safety, ensuring a secure and safe stay. The study looks at and assesses Rwanda's administrative structure, which includes the four geographically based provinces of North, South, East, and West as well as the City of Kigali, in order to ensure the availability and diversity of tourism attractions throughout the country. The most well-liked tourist destinations are used as models in the thorough study and in-depth analysis approach, and they can be found in the five governmental structure of Rwanda recognized that all four of its tourist attractions are diverse and have the potential to boost the nation's tourism industry, positioning it as one of the top travel destinations in the world. This is a result of hard labor, nature, people, and the government. Through boosting tourism, which is vital to the nation's economy because it creates a significant quantity of jobs and foreign exchange revenues, the Rwanda Development Board (RDB) seeks to enhance the lives of Rwandans.

Contemporary architecture styles: evidence of enriched societal intellectual architecture

2024-11-01T07:48:49+00:00

Contemporary architecture identified by curved lines, rounded forms, unconventional volumes, asymmetry, free-form shapes, open floor plans, large and abundant windows, green roofs and lively walls, integration into the surrounding landscape, integrated smart home technology and integrated customizable LED lighting. Contemporary intellectuals shape public opinion in ways that influence the actions of power holders precisely, building and planning authorities, in the urban set-ups, accepting general vision or specific policies favored by intellectuals. Contemporary architects have the power to have an impact on the physical environment while taking social aspects into consideration. Contemporary architecture communicates goals and identities at the societal level. Society significantly influences structures making the architect very powerful with considerable influence on showing how the structures would have impact on the surroundings creating something from nothing while taking the societal implications into account. They most significantly influence the opinions or actions of those in positions of authority. Government officials compelled to yield to the tide of opinion shaped by them, particularly by the contemporary architects or "public intellectuals". Architecture structures, most precisely contemporary architecture, are always evolving in response to societal intellectual developments. Contemporary architecture was created as a result of architectural evolution influenced by societal demands and preferences. The methodological approach, this research followed, was a thorough study and detailed analysis of the contemporary architecture school of thought exemplified in these eight most renowned ones; Blobitecture, Bionic, Biomorphic, Critical Regionalism, Deconstructivism, Sustainable, Novelty and Warped Architecture affirming the societal intellectuality enrichment of the contemporary architecture structures.

The effect of economic globalization on the export of cut flowers

2024-11-01T07:46:54+00:00

In the present study, the effect of economic globalization on the export of cut flowers in Tehran province has been investigated. The study is based on vector error correction model (VECM). In order to check the co-accumulation relationship between the variables of the model, Johansen's co-accumulation test was also used. The period was the study of the years 1371-1400, and the data source used included the statistical yearbook of the country, Central Bank reports, customs yearbook, statistical yearbook of the Ministry of Jihad Agriculture, economic magazine reports of the Ministry of Commerce, Iran Statistics Center, and also Information from other statistical portals. The reason for choosing the period from 1371 is due to the availability of flower export data from this time. In order to analyze the relationship between the studied variables, instantaneous reaction function (IR) and variance analysis (VA) were used, which are widely used in vector Auto Regression (VAR) models. The results of the study show that in the early years, the globalization of the economy (financial openness and commercial openness) had a negative effect and in the long term had a positive effect on the export of cut flowers.

Optimal parameter design of multiple tuned mass damper for tall buildings using multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm considering soil-structure interaction effects

2024-11-15T09:35:54+00:00

This study focuses on controlling structural vibrations during earthquakes by utilizing tuned mass dampers (TMD) to minimize structural responses. The optimization of damper parameters is crucial for achieving this goal. The research explores the use of multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMD) in place of a single TMD in the roof story. The impact of soil-structure interaction (SSI) on seismic responses is considered, necessitating an investigation into optimizing damper characteristics across different floors. Equations of motion for structures with multiple dampers and SSI were developed, and the state-space method was employed for solving these equations. Generalized mass and stiffness matrices for structures with MTMD and SSI were presented. The study utilized the multiple objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm to determine optimal damper parameters. The parameters of these dampers should be determined in such a way that they lead to minimum seismic responses of the structure. By analyzing 40-story benchmark and 20-story structures, the research highlights the significant influence of SSI on the distribution and stiffness of dampers within the structures, emphasizing the importance of considering interaction effects in damper optimization.

Assessing the precision of gridding techniques for creating surfaces and calculating volumes through different hypothetical terrains

2024-12-02T09:49:23+00:00

The objective of this study is to assess the precision of various gridding methods and numerical integration approaches in accurately representing surfaces and calculating volumes between two surfaces. Three hypothetical surface categories were generated and volumes were computed using analytical integration in Python. These surfaces served as benchmarks for comparison with other surface forms and computed volumes. Various gridding methods available in Surfer software were compared, and the computed volumes were compared to those obtained from Python analytical integration. Statistical metrics such as Absolute Error, Squared Error, and Absolute Percentage Error were used to assess the precision of each approach. The results showed that methods like Kriging, Inverse Distance to A Power, Triangulation with Linear Interpolation, Minimum Curvature, Nearest Neighbor, Radial Basis Function, and Modified Shepard's Method exhibited the highest precision across all surface types. The Natural Neighbor method was inconsistent across all surface groups, whereas, the Local Polynomial Method had varying results. Polynomial Regression, Moving Average, and Data Metrics methods were excluded. The first two methods suffer from a lack of precision in representing terrain natures, whereas the third method resulted both invalid volume estimates and terrain shape representation.

Features of the Erasmus+ program in the system of training specialist musicians

2024-12-02T20:59:41+00:00

The article represents an attempt to comprehend the features of music higher education internationalization within the landscape of students’ mobility (exchange) program Erasmus+. The methodological basis of the study, within the framework of an interdisciplinary paradigm, was made up of the leading provisions of the system-activity approach in education, the philosophical concept of human activity as an active form of creative exploration of the world, as well as elements of the theory of soft power. In particular, it is shown that the current state of international music education cannot be interpreted in isolation from objective socio-historical patterns, which reveal themselves in the form of certain trends determined by global processes, in particular, increasingly powerful vectors of soft power.

Crossroads of arts: intercultural dialogue of choreographic and theatrical practices of the Ukrainian diaspora in the second half of the 20th century

2024-12-03T07:04:44+00:00

The article explores the role of choreographic and theatrical practices in the Ukrainian diaspora during the second half of the 20th century as a means of preserving national identity and fostering intercultural dialogue. Through the lens of migration and cultural adaptation, the study examines how Ukrainian artists, spread across North America, Europe, and Australia, utilized dance and theatre as tools for both cultural preservation and artistic innovation. The fusion of traditional Ukrainian folk elements with the artistic traditions of host countries became a key feature of this creative process, resulting in performances that resonated with diverse audiences while maintaining a strong connection to Ukrainian heritage. The article investigates the contributions of prominent figures and ensembles, highlighting their impact on both the Ukrainian community and the broader cultural landscape. By integrating historical analysis with an exploration of contemporary practices, the study reveals the transformative potential of diaspora arts in bridging cultural divides, enriching global artistic practices, and reinforcing a sense of collective identity. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the cultural dynamics within the Ukrainian diaspora and their role in the global dialogue of artistic exchange.

Influence of the monetary policy of the NBU on the activity of banking institutions in Ukraine during the war

2024-12-03T07:56:04+00:00

The article examines the influence of the monetary policy of the National Bank of Ukraine on the functioning of the banking sector during the war caused by Russian aggression. The monetary instruments used by the NBU to support financial stability, including raising the discount rate, open market operations, and maintaining bank liquidity, are considered. It analyses how the measures of the National Bank of Ukraine contributed to keeping the banking system stable, ensuring access to loans, and controlling inflationary processes in financial and market instability conditions. The dynamics of foreign reserves and monetary interventions of the National Bank of Ukraine in the foreign exchange market after the start of the war are studied. The role of international support and cooperation of the NBU with other financial institutions to ensure macroeconomic stability in the country is studied. It has been proven that despite the challenges of the war, the banking sector of Ukraine remained functional, and monetary measures contributed to the minimisation of economic risks and the stabilisation of the banking system in general.

Circular economy and digital technologies as drivers of sustainable development of the agricultural sector of the region in Ukrain

2024-12-03T10:13:36+00:00

The article examines modern challenges for the sustainable development of the agricultural sector in the regions of Ukraine based on the integration of the principles of the circular economy and digital technologies. It was determined that in modern conditions of economic instability, the agricultural sector needs new approaches to the use of resources and management of production processes. It has been proven that the circular economy offers a model where the resource circle is closed, reducing waste and the volume of raw material use based on reuse, recycling and disposal of materials, significantly reducing the ecological burden on the environment. Digital technologies that act as catalysts for this process, providing effective tracking of resources, optimisation of production processes and increased transparency in supply chains of the agricultural sector, are considered. Innovative solutions that can be used to implement the circular model in the production and resource processes of the region`s agricultural industry have been identified. Prospects for increasing the competitiveness of the Ukrainian agro-industrial complex through digitisation and greening of processes, which will contribute to sustainable economic growth and preservation of natural resources for future generations, are considered.

Sustainable development of enterprises of the tourist and recreational complex and its impact on socio-economic processes in Ukraine

2024-12-03T16:58:05+00:00

The article examines the specifics of ensuring the sustainable development of enterprises of the tourist and recreational complex in Ukraine as a critical factor contributing to the formation of a balance between the state’s economic, social and ecological interests. It was determined that the development of this sector of the economy increases the level of employment and contributes to the growth of incomes of local communities and the expansion of infrastructure, which positively affects the socio-economic processes in the country. Strategies that ensure the long-term competitiveness of tourism enterprises are studied, particularly implementing environmental standards, optimising resources and integrating digital technologies into business processes. The importance of innovations in the tourism sector, which contribute to minimising the negative impact on the environment and increasing the efficiency of tourism and recreation enterprises, has been proven. The problems and challenges faced by the industry’s enterprises in conditions of economic instability, as well as their potential contribution to sustainable economic growth and social cohesion, are considered. The need to develop effective management solutions has been proven to ensure the sustainable development of Ukraine’s tourist and recreational complex.

Accounting, analytical and financial support for making management decisions of the enterprise.

2024-12-03T17:56:15+00:00

The article examines the role of accounting and analysis systems in making strategic and tactical decisions at the enterprise. The influence of financial information on the quality of management decisions, which allows enterprises to achieve high economic results in market instability and a competitive environment, is studied. The specifics of the functioning of the subsystem of accounting and analytical management of the economic activities of the enterprise were investigated. Modern approaches to the organisation of accounting and financial analysis are considered, and their effectiveness for solving practical enterprise management tasks is analysed. A complex set of financial planning, budgeting, and forecasting tools is defined as essential elements of the management decision-making support system. The role of digital technologies and automation of analytical processes in increasing the accuracy and efficiency of accounting and analytical information is studied. The need to improve accounting and analytical support as a critical prerequisite for the company to achieve sustainability and financial stability in market changes is proven.