Perceived Styles of Parents on Alexithymia: The Mediating Role of Emotional Schemas in Married People with Migraine

Authors

  • Maryam Mansoury Jam York University, Toronto Canada
  • Farideh Dokanehei Fard Islamic Azad University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14571/brajets.v16.n2.443-453

Keywords:

Perceived parenting styles, Alexithymia, emotional schemas

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to investigate the perceived styles of parents on alexithymia with the mediating role of emotional schemas in married people with migraine. In terms of practical purpose, the current research is a descriptive-correlation with structural equations. The statistical population includes all married men and women in Tehran who referred for migraine treatment to hospitals in 2022, the number of whom is 440. Therefore, with the help of Cochran's formula, 208 people were selected and the questionnaire was distributed among them in a convenient and simple random method. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the validity of the questionnaire using the method of content validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Finally, the coefficients showed that the data collection tool has high reliability. In order to check the validity of the questionnaire, confirmatory factor analysis and in order to check the research hypotheses from structural equation modeling, the structural equation modeling (SEM) method was used with the help of SmartPLS 3 software. Conclusion: In the end, all research hypotheses have been confirmed and suggestions and solutions have been presented to improve the physical and mental states of families and the perceived styles of parents.

References

Afzalzadeh, M., Saraj Khorami, N., Nazari, A. A., & Lari Najafi, M. (2014). Effect of training workshop and problem solving methods in training of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on nursing and anesthesia students’ performance and awareness of Dezful university of medical sciences. Life Sci J, 11(9s), 598-607.

Amerian, E, Nouhi, S, Jan Zorgi, M (2022). Evaluating the causal model of fathers' personality pattern and adolescent girls' dyslexia: the mediating role of fathers' ineffective parenting styles. Journal of Developmental Psychology, 10(8), 69-79.

Arrindell, W. A., Sanderman, R., Hageman, W. J., & Pickersgill, M. J. (2022).Correlates of assertivenss in normal and clinical samples: A mulltidimen social approach. Behavior Research and Therapy, 12 (4), 153-252.

Asgari, Z., & Naghavi, A. (2019).The experienceof adolescents’ post-traumatic growth aftersudden loss of father. Journal of Loss andTrauma, 25, 1-15.

Barchakh, Z., Mardani Valandani, Z., & Khorvash, F. (2021). The effectiveness of compassion-focused therapyfor improving emotional control and reducing the severity of pain in migraine patients. Practice in ClinicalPsychology, 9(1), 51–60. doi:10.32598/jpcp.9.1.740.1

Bidari, F, Haj Alizadeh, K (2018). The effectiveness of schema therapy on the cognitive strategies of emotion, distress tolerance and dyslexia in patients with borderline personality disorder. Journal of Psychological Studies, 15(2), 165-180.

Buse, D. C., Fanning, K. M., Reed, M. L., Murray, S., Dumas, P. K., Adams, A. M., & Lipton, R. B. (2019). Lifewith migraine: Effects on relationships, career, and finances from the chronic migraine epidemiology andoutcomes (CaMEO) study. Headache, 59(8), 1286–1299. doi:10.1111/head.13613.

Chapardar, N., Taher, M., Watankhah, H., Hossein Khanzadeh F., Abbas A. (2019). Explaining personality disorders based on emotional self-awareness: the mediating role of defense mechanisms. Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9(9), 71-84.

Cheung, A. & Park, H. (2016). Singleparenthood, parental involvement andstudents’ educational outcomes in Hong Kong.Marriage & Family Review, 52, 15-40.

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative,and mixed methods approaches. 2nd ed.Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Edwards, E. R., Micek, A., Mottarella, K., & Wupperman, P. (2017). Emotion ideology mediates effects of riskfactors on alexithymia development. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 35(3), 254–277.doi:10.1007/s10942-016-0254-y

Finsi Dutan. L (2020) Determining the relationship between parenting styles and identity styles, aggression and behavioral disorders Journal of Family Psychology, 21(4), 645–654.

Gholivand, K., Abbod, M., Ebrahimi Valmoozi, A.A. et al. Synthesis and crystal structure of phosphonic acid and bisphosphoramidate derivatives: QSAR studies of their anti-fungal potential on Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. J IRAN CHEM SOC 18, 1591–1606 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-020-02133-4

Gholivand, K., Dashtaki, M. R., Ardebili, S. A. A., Mohammadpour, M., & Valmoozi, A. A. E. (2021). New graphene oxide-phosphoramide nanocomposites as practical tools for biological applications including anti-bacteria, anti-fungi and anti-protein. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1240, 130528.

Gholivand, K., Mohammadpanah, F., Yaghoubi, R., Rahimzadeh Dashtaki, M., Pooyan, M., Rahmani, H., ... & Roohzadeh, R. (2021). Synthesis, crystal structure, cholinesterase inhibitory activity, evaluation of insecticidal activities, and computational studies of new phosphonic acids. Molecular Diversity, 1-12.

Haratian, A., Amjadi, M. M., Ghandehari, K., Hatamian, H., Kiani, S., Habibi, M., Aghababaei, Z., & Ataei, M.(2020). Emotion regulation difficulties and repetitive negative thinking in patients with tension headaches andmigraine. Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences, 6(3), 147–155. doi:10.32598/CJNS.6.22.3

Hormozi K, Tavoli A., & Abdollahi A (2022), Perceived Parental Styles and Alexithymia in Adult Iranian Migraine Patients: The MediatingRole of Emotional Schemas, The Journal ofGenetic Psychology, 183:3, 250-262.

Kandemir, G., Hesapcioglu, S. T., & Kurt, A. N. C. (2018). What are the psychosocial factors associated withmigraine in the child? Comorbid psychiatric disorders, family functioning, parenting style, or mom’s psychiatricsymptoms? Journal of Child Neurology, 33(2), 174–181. doi:10.1177/0883073817749377

Kim, S., Bae, D. W., Park, S. G., & Park, J. W. (2021). The impact of pain-related emotions on migraine.ScientificReports, 11(1), 577.doi:10.1038/s41598-020-80094-7

Koushan M., Shomoossi N., Parsaeimehr Z., Rad M. (2019). Women’s Perception of Spousal Psychotic Disorders: A Qualitative Study. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 14(4):317-324.

Nodar S., Barbosa P., García B., Aguirre C., Gómez, J., Primary Angiosarcoma of the Spleen with Spontaneous Rupture: A Case Report, (2022), Case Report, Clin Oncol Case Rep, 5(9), 5-9.

Nodar, S. R., Salazar, S., Cárdenas, C., & Yllán, V. G. (2022). Testicular Tumor in Children: A Rare Case Report. Current Practice in Medical Science Vol. 9, 25-34.

Pellegrino, A. B. W., Davis-Martin, R. E., Houle, T. T., Turner, D. P., & Smitherman, T. A. (2018). Perceivedtriggers of primary headache disorders: A meta-analysis. Cephalalgia, 38(6), 1188–1198.doi:10.1177/0333102417727535

Rad M, Shomoossi N, Mirhosseini Z, Kashani E. (2017). Can cool dialysate alleviate restless leg syndrome in hemodialysis patients? J Res Med Sci;22:124.

Rey, S., Huerta Brunel, J. E., Pérez Caballero, I. C., & Cárdenas, C. (2022). Características radiológicas de las lesiones del tórax: Aspectos esenciales que todo patólogo torácico debe conocer. Archivos De Patologia, 3(1), 31–43. https://doi.org/10.47579/AP.v3.i1.0087.

Rezaee, M., Ghadampur, E., & Kazemi, R. (2018).The mediating role of emotional invalidation betweensexual-emotional abuse and depression symptoms of female Payame-Noor University students in Tehran. Journalof Psychological Achievements, 25(1), 75–92. doi:10.22055/psy.2018.23678.1908.

Salemi-Langroudi, A., Dobson, K. S., Artounian, V., Ghasemi, M., Kolahkaj, B., Khosravani, V., Shafaghi, M.,Bafekr, T., Heidarian, A., Behfar, Z., & Kiani Dehkordi, M. (2021).Psychometric properties of the LeahyEmotional Schema Scale-II among Iranian students. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 14(3), 455–472.doi:10.1007/s41811-021-00111-z

Shahsavani, S., Mashhadi, A., & Bigdeli, I. (2020). The effect of group emotional schema therapy on cognitiveemotion strategies in women with migraine headaches: A pilot study. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy,13(4), 328–340. doi:10.1007/s41811-020-00073-8

Shomoossi N., Rad M., Kooshan M., Ganjloo J. Nurses as Death Notifiers: a Report from Nurses in Iran. Life Sci J 2013;10(4s):26-31.

Shute, R., Maud, M., & McLachlan, A. (2019). The relationship of recalled adverse parenting styles with maladaptiveschemas, trait anger, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Journal of Affective Disorders, 259,337–348. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.048

Wells, R. E., Seng, E. K., Edwards, R. R., Victorson, D. E., Pierce, C. R., Rosenberg, L., Napadow, V., &Schuman-Olivier, Z. (2020). Mindfulness in migraine: A narrative review. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics,20(3), 207–225. doi:10.1080/14737175.2020.1715212

Westphal, M., Leahy, R. L., Pala, A. N., & Wupperman, P. (2016). Self-compassion and emotional invalidationmediate the effects of parental indifference on psychopathology. Psychiatry Research, 242, 186–191. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.05.040

Yang, F., dos Santos, I. A. M., Gomez, R. S., Kummer, A., Barbosa, I. G., & Teixeira, A. L. (2019). Personalitydisorders are associated with more severe forms of migraine. Acta Neurologica Belgica, 119(2), 201–205.

Yoji.H (2021) The effect of authoritarian, authoritarian and negligent parenting styles on the mental health of Japanese children. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 62–78.

Downloads

Published

2023-11-16

Issue

Vol. 16 No. 2 (2023)

Section

Novel approaches in education, society and culture development

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Maryam Mansoury Jam, Farideh Dokanehei Fard

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The BRAJETS follows the policy for Open Access Journals, provides immediate and free access to its content, following the principle that making scientific knowledge freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge and provides more international democratization of knowledge. Therefore, no fees apply, whether for submission, evaluation, publication, viewing or downloading of articles. In this sense, the authors who publish in this journal agree with the following terms: A) The authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right to first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), allowing the sharing of the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal. B) Authors are authorized to distribute non-exclusively the version of the work published in this journal (eg, publish in the institutional and non-institutional repository, as well as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal. C) Authors are encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (eg, online repositories or on their personal page), as well as to increase the impact and citation of the published work.