Comunicação entre pais de crianças autistas e profissionais de saúde: restrições e perspectivas de melhoria

Autores

  • Abdelaziz Mahboub Institut supérieur des professions infirmières et techniques de santé de Tétouan
  • El Mlili Nisrin Université Abdelmalek Essâadi  
  • Razkaoui Yassin Université Abdelmalek Essâadi

Palavras-chave:

Autismo, comunicação, parceria, pais de crianças autistas, profissionais de saúde

Resumo

Os Transtornos do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) são um conjunto complexo de distúrbios do neurodesenvolvimento caracterizados por uma deficiência qualitativa na interação social, na comunicação verbal e não verbal e no comportamento restrito e estereotipado. Para remediar esse déficit de comunicação, uma parceria entre os pais de crianças autistas e os profissionais de saúde é essencial para que essas crianças sejam bem-sucedidas nos cuidados médicos e psicológicos. A experiência dos pais ajudaria a melhorar a identificação das dificuldades e dos recursos da criança pela equipe de atendimento, com o objetivo de listar elementos irreconhecíveis e não observáveis nas estruturas de atendimento. Elaborar uma revisão da literatura com o objetivo de compreender as limitações na comunicação entre os pais de crianças com autismo e os profissionais de saúde, sugerindo maneiras de melhorar essa parceria. Este foi um estudo bibliográfico realizado em dois bancos de dados, PubMed e Google Scholar. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos em francês e inglês publicados até 2024 usando as palavras-chave “pais de crianças autistas”, “comunicação”, “barreiras”, “restrições”, “profissionais de saúde”, “gerenciamento” e “cuidados”. Foram selecionados 20 artigos. As principais restrições à comunicação entre os pais de crianças com autismo e os profissionais das instituições de saúde estão relacionadas à alfabetização em saúde sobre o autismo e à percepção de cada um dos parceiros terapêuticos no atendimento de crianças com autismo. Em relação à equipe de saúde, vários estudos relatam a falta de conhecimento sobre o autismo, a falta de treinamento e a sobrecarga de trabalho. Eles também observam um uso inadequado de técnicas de comunicação, acentuado pelas diferenças culturais entre os pais e os profissionais de saúde, o que leva a uma divergência na percepção dessa deficiência. Quanto aos pais, eles relatam altos níveis de estresse e uma deterioração na qualidade de vida. Esse estresse parental continua sendo uma experiência influenciada pelas expectativas dos pais e suas crenças errôneas sobre o distúrbio.  Além disso, os pais de crianças autistas, devido à sua necessidade de apoio social e emocional e às dificuldades que têm para entender as informações transmitidas em linguagem técnica pelos profissionais de saúde, sentem falta de confiança nos profissionais de saúde. Para melhorar a comunicação entre os parceiros do tratamento do autismo, é fundamental aprimorar o treinamento dos profissionais de saúde para que eles estejam mais bem equipados para interagir com as famílias, implementar estratégias para reduzir o estresse dos pais e aumentar o nível de alfabetização em saúde. A comunicação entre os pais de crianças com autismo e os profissionais de saúde é inegavelmente a pedra angular do sucesso do projeto terapêutico da criança. No entanto, várias restrições frequentemente dificultam essa comunicação essencial. Estratégias de melhoria devem ser adotadas para estabelecer um diálogo construtivo e promover um ambiente favorável ao desenvolvimento da criança autista.

 

Biografia do Autor

Abdelaziz Mahboub , Institut supérieur des professions infirmières et techniques de santé de Tétouan

Institut supérieur des professions infirmières et techniques de santé de Tétouan

El Mlili Nisrin, Université Abdelmalek Essâadi  

Laboratoire de recherche en sciences de l’information, de la communication, et du discours, Faculté des sciences techniques de Tanger, Université Abdelmalek Essâadi  

Razkaoui Yassin, Université Abdelmalek Essâadi

Laboratoire Biologie et Santé, faculté des sciences, Université Abdelmalek Essâadi, Tétouan Maroc

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Publicado

2024-12-27

Como Citar

Mahboub , A., Nisrin, E. M., & Yassin, R. (2024). Comunicação entre pais de crianças autistas e profissionais de saúde: restrições e perspectivas de melhoria. Cadernos De Educação, Tecnologia E Sociedade, 17(se4). Recuperado de https://brajets.com/brajets/article/view/1738

Edição

Seção

Mobilizando a Ciência da Comunicação em Favor do Planeta