Educação inclusiva:
estratégias e métodos de implementação no contexto da pedagogia moderna
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14571/brajets.v16.nse2.165-177Palavras-chave:
educação inclusiva, estratégias de educação inclusiva, métodos de educação inclusiva, pedagogia moderna, crianças com necessidades educativas especiaisResumo
Actualmente, a educação de crianças com necessidades educativas especiais está a atrair cada vez mais atenção e esforços especiais por parte de instituições e agências governamentais e não-governamentais. A atitude da sociedade relativamente à educação geral das crianças com necessidades educativas especiais reflecte geralmente o nível de desenvolvimento do Estado. A educação inclusiva implica uma abordagem específica ao processo de aprendizagem que cria oportunidades educativas para todas as crianças, especialmente aquelas com necessidades educativas especiais. O objetivo do artigo académico é identificar as principais estratégias de educação inclusiva para a sua posterior implementação na prática no contexto moderno. Para atingir o objetivo traçado, realizamos uma busca de estudos relevantes nas bases de dados DOAJ e EBSCOhost nos últimos dez anos. Segundo a literatura, a criação de aulas inclusivas requer a experiência profissional dos professores, que devem ser líderes amigáveis e compreensivos na turma. A educação inclusiva promove a igualdade de oportunidades através do respeito pela diversidade. A educação inclusiva baseia-se na crença de que todas as crianças são membros iguais das comunidades escolares locais, na exclusão de qualquer discriminação contra crianças com necessidades educativas especiais e na criação de condições adequadas para uma educação, formação e desenvolvimento completos e de qualidade. Uma educação inclusiva eficaz depende de uma variedade de factores e não se trata apenas da inclusão de crianças com necessidades educativas especiais na comunidade escolar do ensino geral. Requer professores experientes e de alta qualidade, com um “grande” coração, apoio e atitude adequada dos pais, e apoio abrangente por parte das instituições estatais. A compilação de programas educativos especiais e sistemas de avaliação, o desenvolvimento de estratégias eficazes no contexto da utilização de métodos modernos, incluindo tecnologias de informação, e a disponibilidade obrigatória de professores altamente qualificados que possam organizar e motivar os alunos são factores necessários para o sucesso da implementação de medidas em matéria de educação inclusiva.Referências
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