Mulheres académicas no ensino superior ucraniano: o retrato gendarizado da segregação ocupacional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14571/brajets.v14.se1.2021.31-44Resumo
A representação das mulheres em cargos de gestão nas universidades ucranianas é a exceção e não a regra. Elas são responsáveis por setores de funcionamento da universidade que não implicam a gestão de recursos (são maioritárias, por exemplo, nas tarefas educativas) e muito raramente chegam a catedráticas ou a reitoras. Após a análise de entrevistas em profundidade realizadas a pessoas com cargos de gestão, pode-se avançar alguns motivos para essas dificuldades: a influência dos estereótipos (uma mulher de sucesso na ciência não tem sucesso na vida familiar; uma mulher não pode demonstrar emoção, de modo a ser tida como líder eficaz), a atividade insuficiente dos movimentos feministas no espaço científico da Ucrânia, e a representação desigual das mulheres a todos os níveis de gestão universitária. A segregação ocupacional vertical e horizontal é também uma caraterística do sistema de ensino superior da Ucrânia. O texto mostra que os motivos que explicam as dificuldades no acesso das mulheres a estas posições estão além da necessidade de assegurar outras tarefas, fora da academia, como o trabalho doméstico. Trata-se de mecanismos que não lhes permitem competir ao mesmo nível dos seus colegas homens, no espaço académico. O estudo que apresentamos revela, assim, os efeitos do “teto de vidro” ainda tão estruturante nas instituições de ensino superior.Referências
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